Bolognese are a relatively healthy breed with very few genetic health issues and with an average life span between 12 to 15 years of age. It is not rare to see a bolognese 18 years old or older.
The most common orthopedic disease like in all small breeds is luxating patella (loose knees).
Eye diseases of concern are progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) and cataracts.
Therefore it is advisable that all potential bolognese owners buy puppies only from reputable breeders whose bolognese have all required health tests (pattela grad 0 or 1 and eyes clear) before breeding.